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Fixed wireless access (FWA) connections in India are projected to reach 21.4 million by the end of 2030, registering a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.4% between 2025 and 2030, driven by growing demand for high-speed internet services in areas with limited fiber coverage and the emergence of FWA as an alternative for wired broadband connections in such areas, according to GlobalData, a leading data and analytics company.

GlobalData’s India Fixed Communications Forecast (Q3 2025) reveals that the share of FWA in total fixed broadband connections in India will increase from 15.3% in 2025 to about 27.5% by the end of 2030, indicating a significant growth in its adoption.

Neha Misra, Telecom Analyst at GlobalData, comments: “This growth is being driven by operators’ efforts to popularize the services, especially with the introduction of 5G FWA services by Reliance Jio (JioAirFiber) and Bharti Airtel (Xstream AirFiber) in 2023. The ongoing service expansion by the two companies across the nation to deliver high-capacity home and business broadband, especially targeting areas with limited fiber, is also driving the FWA market growth.”

While Airtel has publicly outlined plans to scale its home-broadband base through FWA, Jio is deploying a dedicated 5G network slice for AirFiber, using automated, technology-agnostic infrastructure and AI-driven operations, backed by its ambition to connect 100 million homes via FWA and Fiber.

Following the successful launch of 5G FWA services by Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel, the state-owned telco BSNL also unveiled its Quantum 5G Fixed Wireless Access service in the city of Hyderabad in June 2025, marking one of the earliest large-scale public-sector pushes into FWA. The service delivered close to 1 Gbps download speeds in trials and uses self-install customer-premises equipment CPE that can cover nearly 85% of households without requiring fiber rollout.

Misra adds: “FWA can remove last-mile connectivity barriers, which means more homes and businesses, including those in rural and far-flung areas, can get online, thereby helping bridge the digital divide and advance the country towards a high-quality digital society.”

Evolving use cases across residential and enterprise segments, including smart homes, small & medium enterprise (SME) connectivity, remote learning, and telemedicine, are also expected to drive FWA market growth over the forecast period. Increasing availability and continued expansion of 5G infrastructure by major telcos will also augur well for the FWA service expansion and adoption in the country.

Misra concludes: “India’s emerging FWA ecosystem presents operators with a strong revenue opportunity by enabling rapid expansion of home and SME broadband without the high capital intensity of fiber rollout. By leveraging nationwide 5G coverage, introducing tiered data plans, and bundling digital home services, operators can unlock higher ARPU, accelerate market penetration in underserved areas, and diversify beyond traditional revenues. As demand for high-capacity broadband grows, FWA is set to become a key strategic pillar supporting sustained operator monetization.”

Notes

Quotes provided by Neha Misra, Telecom Analyst at GlobalData
Information is based on GlobalData’s India Fixed Communications Forecast model (Q3 2025)
This report is written using data and information sourced from proprietary databases, primary and secondary research, and in-house analysis conducted by GlobalData’s team of industry experts.

GlobalData’s India Fixed Communications Forecast:

GlobalData’s India Fixed Communications Forecast quantifies current and future demand and spending on mobile services. The data is published quarterly.

About GlobalData

4,000 of the world’s largest companies, including over 70% of FTSE 100 and 60% of Fortune 100 companies, make more timely and better business decisions thanks to GlobalData’s unique data, expert analysis and innovative solutions, all in one platform. GlobalData’s mission is to help our clients decode the future to be more successful and innovative across a range of industries, including the healthcare, consumer, retail, financial, technology and professional services sectors.

21 NOVEMBER 2025 – Equinor and the Capital City of Prague’s gas and electricity company Pražská plynárenská have signed a long-term agreement for 10 years of gas supplies into the Czech Republic. Deliveries have started and will last until 2035.

Equinor’s supplies of pipeline gas to Europe are backed by the resources on the Norwegian continental shelf, Europe’s most important energy province. Pražská plynárenská will use the gas to supply households and businesses in Prague and other parts of the country with heat, electricity and natural gas.

“I am excited that we have made this agreement with Pražská plynárenská and that we now provide energy to homes and enterprises in the Czech Republic. This joins a string of long-term gas contracts we have signed across Europe in recent years, demonstrating the role gas plays for European energy security”, says CEO Anders Opedal.

Pražská plynárenská will use the gas to supply households and businesses in Prague and other parts of the country with heat, electricity and natural gas.
Photo: Ole Jørgen Bratland/©Equinor

“This step will significantly strengthen the stability and reliability of natural gas supplies for Pražská plynárenská’s customers, and its scope will cover, among other things, a significant part of the total consumption of households supplied with natural gas by our company,” says Ludvík Baleka, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Pražská plynárenská.

While Equinor’s main gas markets have been in Northwest Europe and the UK, the company has during the last decade expanded its reach to include supplies to the Baltics and Poland and now sees a growing market potential among customers in Central and Southern Europe.

The agreement lasts until 1. October 2035 and Equinor will deliver the gas at the Czech hub. Information on volumes, terms and conditions are confidential between the parties.

About Pražská plynárenská

Pražská plynárenská is a key domestic energy supplier in the Czech Republic whose priority is to provide customers with reliable and value-adding products and services.

Its competitiveness is based on the strong backing through the ownership the Capital City of Prague. Its subsidiary Pražská plynárenská Distribuce is the operator of the gas distribution system in Prague and its surrounding area, covering almost 4,500 kilometres of gas pipelines.

Another subsidiary, Prometheus, is a rapidly growing supplier of heat and related comprehensive services and is a partner of the Capital City of Prague in implementing its Climate Plan.

20 NOVEMBER 2025 – Equinor ASA announced on 23 July 2025 a cash dividend per share of USD 0.37 for second quarter 2025.

The NOK cash dividend per share is based on average USDNOK fixing rate from Norges Bank in the period plus/minus three business days from record date 14 November 2025, in total seven business days.

Average Norges Bank fixing rate for this period was 10.0875. Total cash dividend for second quarter 2025 is consequently NOK 3.7324 per share.

On 26 November 2025, the cash dividend will be paid to relevant shareholders on Oslo Børs (Oslo Stock Exchange) and to holders of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) on New York Stock Exchange.

This information is published in accordance with the requirements of the Continuing Obligations and is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to section 5-12 of the Norwegian Securities Trading Act.

19 NOVEMBER 2025 – The nomination committee in Equinor ASA recommends that the company's corporate assembly elects Jarle Roth as new member of the board of directors of Equinor ASA.

The nomination committee recommends Jarle Roth as new member of the board of directors.

Jarle Roth is an independent advisor. Roth has held CEO roles in multiple Norwegian companies, including at Eksportkreditt Norge AS, Arendals Fossekompani ASA, Umoe Group, Schat-Harding and Unitor ASA. His career spans across industrial investment management, change management, energy transition initiatives, financing of Norwegian export industries and global shipping services. He has extensive experience from major listed companies. His boardroom experience includes governance, risk management, strategy, M&A, and sustainability. Internationally, Roth has led and integrated businesses with activities within Europe, Americas and Asia.

Roth has previously served as chair of the Equinor Nomination Committee and Corporate Assembly.

Roth has an MSc of Finance and Business Administration (“siviløkonom”) from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH).

The election to the board of directors of Equinor ASA takes place in the company's corporate assembly meeting Wednesday 26 November 2025. It is proposed that the election takes effect from 1 December 2025 and is effective until the next ordinary election of members to the board of directors in June 2026.

Native Australian animals range from high-hopping kangaroos to fast-running emus – but clever little bettongs also have a special ability to find and eat the food they love.

Flinders University researchers have discovered the secrets behind a superpower of these tiny relatives of kangaroos which allows them to crack open seeds that would break the jaws of most animals. They hope the research will help conservation efforts, including finding suitable locations to reintroduce populations severely impacted by predation and habitat loss.

The new study, published in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, reveals how two species of these threatened bettongs possess different adaptations to enjoy one particularly tough favourite food of theirs – Santalum seeds, which include the sandalwood, and Australia’s native peach (or quandong).

First author Maddison Randall, Flinders University PhD candidate, says the rabbit-sized marsupials are essential to their environments, spending most of their time digging in search of soft foods such as underground fungi, roots and tubers.

While most bettongs typically feed on softer foods, the burrowing bettong (Bettongia lesueur or ‘boodie’) and the brush-tailed bettong (Bettongia penicillata or ‘woylie’), are also known to crack open the tough outer shells of sandalwood and quandong seeds to obtain the nutritious kernels from inside.

“These seeds are extraordinarily tough, needing bite forces much higher than typical rabbit-sized animals can produce to crack them open,” says Ms Randall, from the College of Science and Engineering.

“We expected the skulls of these tiny animals to have jaw adaptations that can handle higher bite forces but were surprised to find that the two seed-cracking species have developed different biting adaptations to solve the same tough-shelled challenge.”

The team scanned 161 bettong skulls from museums across Australia, including all four living species in the genus, with the eastern bettong (Bettongia gaimardi) and the northern bettong (Bettongia tropica). Using these digital reconstructions of the skull scans, they were able to compare skull shape across the genus using 3D shape analysis.

Flinders University Professor Vera Weisbecker, who co-authored the study, says the jaw adaptations of the two closely related species were not as similar as expected.

“The boodie has a shorter face than the other species. This gives it more leverage, allowing harder biting. But the woylie doesn’t have a shorter face. It instead has a reinforced part of the skull where biting the seeds takes place,” she says.

Another co-author Dr Rex Mitchell adds the difference in snout length may be because the woylie, unlike the boodie, also relies much more on underground fungi (truffles). Thus, their longer snout might help them sniff these out by providing more surface area inside their noses for their sense of smell.

“Understanding animal dietary needs and their associated adaptations is invaluable information for conservation of threatened species,” says Dr Mitchell.

“All four species of bettong around today are threatened to some degree and have been reduced to a fraction of their range since European settlement.

“Therefore, information about their dietary needs, limits and capabilities is vital for conservation and could be used to inform suitable habitat for reintroduction initiatives.”

Bettongs’ other superpower is their major role as ecosystem engineers, with their digging and foraging behaviour turning over soils and leaf litter which improves soils health, water filtration, seed germination and, ultimately, helps ecosystems thrive.

Despite their struggling numbers, these tiny but mighty marsupials are a powerful reminder that there's more than one way to crack a tough nut.

The article, ‘Cracking the case: Differential adaptations to hard biting dominate cranial shape in rat-kangaroos (Potoroidae: Bettongia) with divergent diets (2025) by Maddison C Randall, Vera Weisbecker, Meg Martin, Kenny J Travouillon (WA Museum), Jake Newman-Martin (Curtin University, WA) and D Rex Mitchell has been published in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf158.  https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf158

Acknowledgements: This research received funding from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CE170100015), and a Future Fellowship (FT180100634) to Professor Weisbecker. This research was conducted on the unceded lands of the Kaurna people.

Thanks to all the Australian museums for access to scan their specimens and for assistance from the ANFF under the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy and Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis.

Three teams of six officers from the Ministry of Rural Development are currently conducting assessments and verifications of the Constituency Development Funds (CDF)-funded and supported projects in seven constituencies of Malaita Province.

These constituencies include North Malaita, Lau-Mbaelelea, Central Kwara'ae, Aoke-Langalanga, East Malaita, West Kwaio, and West Are'are. The Ministry will undertake the similar process in the remaining seven constituencies of Malaita, as well as in other constituencies across the country, in the future.

The activity will run for two weeks, covering 2024 projects as well as ongoing and existing projects from previous years.  

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) is one of the ministry’s key activities, aligned with its yearly work plan, to gauge the level of project implementation in the constituencies and to identify areas that may need improvement in service delivery and development programs.  

Relevant data and information collected will support the ministry in its responsibility to assess project status and the impact of the CDF program on the lives of constituents.  

Not only is data collection important, but gathering evidence on the ground by officers, showing that the constituencies utilized the funds for their intended purposes, is paramount.  

Officers will also use this opportunity to conduct community awareness sessions on the CDF Act 2023, which is currently enforced and implemented by the ministry, as well as to explain the roles and mandates of MRD and how they collaborate with constituency offices to deliver essential services in rural areas across the country.  

Project monitoring is a vital process in any development program, and MRD will undertake this process in all 50 constituencies. This exercise is crucial to ensure that the government receives value for money across its initiatives, projects, and processes, contributing to socio-economic development and livelihood building in rural areas.  

Team leaders report that communities are very supportive of their activities, and everything is progressing well.  

The Ministry calls on the concerned constituencies and beneficiaries to support and collaborate with the officers as they carry out their duties.

The MRD Communications team will publish more impact stories from project beneficiaries about the activity later.

The Gizo-Kolombangara Constituency (GKC) office’s strategic investment of over $3 million of its Constituency Development Funds (CDF) into the Kolombangara Landowners Trust Foundation (KLTF) is now bearing fruit, as landowners in Kolombangara Forest Products Limited (KFPL) were handed their long-awaited 20% share certificate on Tuesday this week.

This historic handover follows the formal signing of the 20% KFPL share transfer on October 3, 2025, between the Investment Corporation of Solomon Islands (ICSI) and Kolombangara Island Investment Limited (KIIL), the commercial arm of the Kolombangara landowners.

KLTF, incorporated under the Charitable Trust Act of 1992, represents the main tribal group of Kolombangara Island, including Ghalavasa, Ngedoana, Kolombangara/Epaga/Lolobo, Viuru, and Leanabako.

In preparation for the 20% KFPL share transfer, KLTF registered the Kolombangara Island Investment Limited (KIIL), in which all five tribal companies hold shares.

This milestone represents a significant achievement in securing national recognition of landowner rights after 32 years of persistent advocacy, marking a historic moment for the people of Kolombangara and the country.

It also marks a landmark in the landowners’ longstanding pursuit of recognition and empowerment regarding their natural resources—a significant moment that will be remembered in the history of Kolombangara Island.

The advocacy for national recognition of Kolombangara resource owners in KFPL dates back to 1992.

In 2015, under the current leadership of Honourable Member of Parliament (MP) Jimson Tanangada, the GKC office submitted a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) policy to the government to formally include Kolombangara landowners’ aspirations to be part of KFPL’s ownership.

From 2015 to 2025, GKC has strategically invested over $3 million of its CDF budget to support KLTF efforts and the Office of the Prime Minister in realizing this vision—a worthy investment bringing hope and a future for the people of Kolombangara.

Funds invested in KLTF were utilized for various consultation meetings, official travel costs, general meetings, community engagement activities, awareness campaigns, and included $150,000 in CDF under the 2024 budget allocated for the handover program.

This investment highlights the firm commitment and ongoing efforts of the constituency office, under the visionary leadership of Hon. Tanangada, toward a shared vision of resource ownership and economic benefits.

The recent government action, which involves the official transfer of 20% of KFPL shares to Kolombangara resource owners through KIIL, the business arm of KLTF, solidifies the PPP arrangement, empowering local stakeholders and reaffirming their rightful role in the management and benefits of KFPL. The new shareholding structure now includes New Forest Ltd, KIIL, and ICSI, fostering a diverse and locally empowered ownership model.

Furthermore, KFPL’s expanding footprint in the rural economy presents significant opportunities for diversification and sustainable forestry development.

The Member of Parliament (MP) for Gizo/Kolombangara Constituency and Minister of Police, Honourable Jimson Tanangada, while pleading for unity, dignity, and true economic ownership among its people during the historic handover, said the occasion marked not just a business milestone but a new era of legacy and pride for the people of Kolombangara.

Hon. Minister Tanangada, MP, urged landowners to embrace a mindset of partnership and shared responsibility with KFPL.

“We must now ask ourselves—what can we do to help KFPL transform our communities, province, and country, rather than asking what KFPL can do for our personal interests,” Hon. Tanangada challenged.

Hon. Tanangada also led a two-minute silence to honour the “fallen heroes” of the landowners’ long struggle, those who are part of the journey and, paying special tribute to the late Samson Maena, former Chairman of the KLTF Executive, who passed on after witnessing the signing of the new Joint Venture Agreement in October 2025.

He acknowledged the continued strength and leadership of local chiefs, women, and youth, describing them as “torchbearers of a dream long carried by those who came before us.”

In closing, Hon. Tanangada reminded the gathering that the people of Kolombangara now stand on “sacred ground”—land their ancestors claimed in 1923.

“This is not the end of our struggle but the beginning of a new era—an era of true ownership, innovation, unity, and prosperity,” he declared.

He ended with a call for collective progress: “Let us go forward together—proud of our heritage, confident in our future. Together we will build a Kolombangara that works for all tribes, all families, and all generations.”

Meanwhile, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), John Misite’e, congratulated Honourable Tanangada and the Kolombangara people and communities on this milestone achievement.

He said, the Ministry is pleased to note that the Gizo/Kolombangara constituency office’s CDF investment into KLTF has come to fruition, ensuring equitable resource benefits for its rural people and resource owners.

“This is a very strategic and well-thought-out investment of government resources with a very high potential returns both from an economic, commercial perspective as well as for the greater social good of the communities and peoples of this constituency. These are the kind of creative policy initiatives that must be encouraged in rural and maritime communities throughout the country. We must look for such opportunities and create them to develop our Solomon Islands,” Mr. Misite’e emphasized.  

This historic achievement reflects the unwavering dedication of the Kolombangara community, the government’s commitment to rural inclusive economic development, and the promising future of sustainable resource management in the Solomon Islands.

PS Misite’e added that it is the Ministry’s ongoing commitment to support constituency initiatives through the CDF program for the benefit of all Solomon Islanders.

The East Makira Constituency (EMC) office, under the leadership of the Member of Parliament and Minister for Agriculture and Livestock, Honourable Franklyn Derek Wasi, has commenced the delivery of the first batch of projects for the 2025 Constituency Development Funds (CDF) program.

Sub-Projects totalling up to SBD$335,622 was allocated under the productive sector of the EMC CDF for 2025. These were distributed across the constituency in the eight wards.

The sub-projects were distributed for both individual households as well as communities.

EMC Project Officer Jonas Kurio confirmed that the delivery began on the 4th of November 2025 in Ward 12 and was scheduled to run for two weeks, with completion in Ward 19.

Despite the significant logistical challenges associated with serving one of the largest constituencies in Makira-Ulawa Province, Mr. Kurio affirmed that the constituency office remains dedicated to ensuring that assistance reaches people and communities based on their expressed needs and requests.

“A significant portion of this initial delivery is dedicated to income-generating projects, identified as a critical tool for poverty alleviation and sustainable livelihoods in rural areas.”

During the project distribution process, Mr. Kurio took the opportunity to strongly remind the project recipients and communities on their responsibilities and roles under the CDF Act 2023:

“These projects are procured with public money. Thus, you recipients must take good care of your projects and ensure that any assistance or projects you receive are properly maintained to serve their intended purpose. Failure to do so carries serious penalties as stipulated under Sections 32 and 33 of the CDF Act 2023,” he cautioned.

The EMC's support extends beyond economic projects, to include also other social services sectors as follow:

Churches: Hardware building materials were delivered to 16 churches, acknowledging their vital role in community cohesion and social development. This support was drawn from the SIG Church grant and part of the 2025 CDF cash grant.
Education Technology: Eleven community high schools received Starlink internet sets, funded under the 2024 CDF Essential Service Sector. This initiative aims to bridge the digital divide, providing students and teachers in remote areas with access to information and modern learning tools.
Essential Infrastructure: Ramah Community High School specifically thanked the EMC office for addressing its critical water shortage through the provision of a borehole solar water pump system.

Beneficiaries have expressed profound gratitude for this timely assistance.

Mr. Roy Holt Ta'aru, a representative from Ward 15, stated, “The responsibility now lies with us, the recipients, to capitalize on this assistance. This is public funding, and we must be serious about our projects for the good of our families and communities.”

Mr. Lonsdale Volana, Principal of Ramah Community High School, praised the support as a step in the right direction. “It's time we close the gap in rural and urban schools' access to technology… We can now say our water need has been addressed,” he said.

Meanwhile, Honourable Minister MP Wasi acknowledges the communities and the people of EMC for their patience and understanding despite the delayed implementation of the 2025 projects due to financial challenges faced by the national government.

However, he assured that under his leadership, the EMC office will continue to deliver and will soon complete the 2025 CDF implementation.

“Further project deliveries are expected before the year's end, pending the completion of necessary processes with the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD),” he further assured constituents.

Hon. Minister Wasi also calls on all recipients to make good use of their projects and maintain them for long-term benefits.

“Our constituency is the largest, and our EMC Office team is trying our very best to ensure everyone feels the impact of the CDF, a public fund made available by the national government to improve your livelihoods,” Hon. Wasi said.

The Ministry of Rural Development Monitoring team will conduct assessments and verifications of EMC projects next year.

The Constituency Development Funds (CDF) is a national program of the Solomon Islands Government (SIG). It is administered by MRD and implemented across the 50 constituencies to improve the social and economic livelihoods of all Solomon Islanders in line with the ministry’s vision: To empower all Solomon Islanders for self-sufficiency, improved livelihoods, and sustainable development.  

18 NOVEMBER 2025 – Equinor’s investigation identifies venting from the MEG tanks as the main source causing the exposure incidents and that several factors have occurred simultaneously for the events to happen. Wind conditions caused the gas to descend to ground level, where personnel were working.

“We welcome the clarity provided on what has been a complex matter. The investigation report identifies the underlying causes and outlines the connection between the various incidents and the health issues they resulted in,” says Christina Dreetz, senior vice president onshore plants at Equinor.

During a period of high activity at Hammerfest LNG (HLNG), from summer 2024 to summer 2025, 37 people sought medical attention on four different occasions and nine people were absent from work following the exposure incidents. Some experienced health issues such as headaches, nausea and dizziness, while others noticed nothing. Reactions to vented gas and the associated odour is a cause of the various health issues experienced by personnel, but it is unlikely that the exposure has led to long-term health issues.

The report points to insufficient risk assessment before the project-start up and follow-up as the reason why several incidents occurred during the one-year period.

“We must acknowledge that we should have gone more in depth to identify the causes when the first incidents of exposure occurred at Melkøya last summer. Through measures implemented both during and after the investigation, we now have routines that enable us to manage risk more effectively,” says Dreetz.

Main causes of the incidents

The investigation team identifies venting from the MEG tanks as the main cause of the exposure incidents. The tanks are designed so that the vented gas consists of nitrogen and water vapour.

Changes in the well stream in the MEG tanks or temperature fluctuations, have contributed to changes in the composition of the vented gas. This has resulted in odours and, in some cases, discomfort or illness when venting has occurred at the same time as wind has brought the vented gas down to ground level.

Project activities in area L201 and adjacent areas have led to more people being present in areas where there was previously no activity. Regular sampling of vented gas was not carried out, and the measures implemented after the first exposure incident were not sufficient to prevent recurrence.

Subsequently, several types of measurements have been carried out to map the gas composition and exposure risk in the area.

“The results show that most measurements have generally been low. Measurements of benzene and other volatile organic compounds have been sporadic and short-lived,” says Dreetz.

In addition, the investigation report shows that lack of ownership, communication and follow-up of measures between the Snøhvit Future project and the operations organisation at Hammerfest LNG contributed to the exposure risk not being managed well enough.

Measures implemented with positive effect

HLNG has implemented measures to reduce the risk of exposure and to strengthen safety at the facility.

“The measures initiated have had the desired effect. This includes the installation of a temporary filtration solution, improved monitoring, mapping and sampling of vented gas from the MEG tanks, as well as measurement routines at ground level,” says Dreetz.

In addition, introduction programmes and instructions for everyone working at the facility have been updated to strengthen the shared safety and reporting culture, and a local health office has been established at Melkøya.

The investigation report will be submitted to the Norwegian Ocean Industry Authority, which is also conducting an investigation.

HLNG and the Snøhvit Future project

• Hammerfest LNG is the world’s northernmost export facility for liquefied natural gas (LNG), located on Melkøya outside Hammerfest.
• Annual production is 4.6 million tonnes of LNG.
• Operations commenced in 2007.
• Employs approximately 500 people (over 900 during the project period).
• The Snøhvit Future project will secure feed gas for the LNG plant and includes onshore compression and electrification of Melkøya.
• Electrification will reduce CO₂ emissions from Melkøya by approximately 850,000 tonnes annually.

MEG tanks

MEG stands for monoethylene glycol and is a chemical used to prevent hydrate (ice) formation in pipelines from the field to HLNG.
HLNG has several MEG tanks, with venting points located 18–25 metres above ground level.
HLNG receives, regenerates, stores and reinjects MEG into the pipelines.
The tanks are located near area L201 on Melkøya.
The tanks are regularly vented to the open air for pressure control. This is an important part of the safety system.
Venting can occur either manually or automatically.